職業(yè)興趣是一個人對待工作的態(tài)度，對工作的適應(yīng)能力，表現(xiàn)為有從事相關(guān)工作的愿望和興趣，擁有職業(yè)興趣將增加個人的工作滿意度、職業(yè)穩(wěn)定性和職業(yè)成就感。知遇網(wǎng)根據(jù)頗具權(quán)威的霍蘭德職業(yè)興趣分類方法，將職業(yè)興趣分為六種類型：常規(guī)型、藝術(shù)型、實踐型、研究型、社會型、管理型。

Vocational interest is a person's attitude toward work, the ability to adapt to work, as shown by the desire and interest to engage in related work, occupational interest will increase personal job satisfaction, occupational stability and sense of professional achievement. According to Holland's authoritative classification method of professional interests, Knowledgemet. com classifies professional interests into six types: conventional, artistic, practical, research, social and managerial.
職業(yè)興趣是以一定的素質(zhì)為前提，在生涯實踐過程中逐漸發(fā)生和發(fā)展起來的。它的形成與個人的個性、自身能力、實踐活動、客觀環(huán)境和所處的歷史條件有著密切的關(guān)系，因此，職業(yè)規(guī)劃對興趣的探討不能孤立進行，應(yīng)當結(jié)合個人的、家庭的、社會的因素來考慮。了解這些因素，有利于深入認識自己，進行職業(yè)規(guī)劃。
Vocational interest is based on a certain quality as a prerequisite, in the process of career practice gradually occurred and developed. Its formation is closely related to individual personality, self-ability, practical activities, objective environment and historical conditions. Therefore, the exploration of interest in career planning can not be carried out in isolation, but should be considered in combination with individual, family and social factors. Understanding these factors is conducive to a better understanding of themselves and career planning.
1、個人需要和個性
1, personal needs and personality
但不管人的興趣是什么，都是以需要為前提和基礎(chǔ)的，人們需要什么也就會對什么產(chǎn)生興趣。由于人們的需要包括生理需要和社會需要或物質(zhì)需要和精神需要，因此人的興趣也同樣表現(xiàn)在這兩個方面。人的生理需要或物質(zhì)需要一般來說是暫時的，容易滿足。例如，人對某一種食物、衣服感興趣，吃飽了、穿上了也就滿足了；而人的社會需要或精神需要卻是持久的、穩(wěn)定的、不斷增長的，例如人際交往、對文學和藝術(shù)的興趣、對社會生活的參與則是長期的、終生的，并且不斷追求的。興趣是在需要的基礎(chǔ)上產(chǎn)生的，也是在需要的基礎(chǔ)上發(fā)展的。
But no matter what people's interests are, they are all based on needs, and people will be interested in what they need. Because people's needs include physical needs and social needs or material needs and spiritual needs, people's interests are also expressed in these two aspects. Human physiological needs or material needs are generally temporary and easy to satisfy. For example, when a person is interested in a particular food or clothing, he or she will be satisfied if he or she eats and wears it; while his social or spiritual needs are permanent, stable and growing, such as interpersonal communication, interest in literature and art, and participation in social life are long-term, lifelong and constantly pursued. Yes. Interest is generated on the basis of needs and developed on the basis of needs.

有的人興趣和愛好的品味比較高，有的人興趣和愛好的品味比較低，興趣和愛好品味的高低會受一個人的個性特征優(yōu)劣的影響。例如，一個人個性品質(zhì)的高雅，會對公益活動感興趣，樂于助人，對高雅的音樂、美術(shù)有興趣；反之，一個人個性的低級，會對占小便宜感興趣，對低級、庸俗的文藝作品有興趣。
Some people have higher tastes of interest and hobbies, others have lower tastes of interest and hobbies. The level of interest and tastes of hobbies will be influenced by one's personality characteristics. For example, a person's elegant personality will be interested in public welfare activities, willing to help others, interested in elegant music, art; on the contrary, a person's low personality, will be interested in taking advantage of small, vulgar literary and artistic works of interest.
2、個人認識和情感
2, personal knowledge and emotion
興趣不足是和個人的認識和情感密切聯(lián)系著的。如果一個人對某項事物沒有認識，也就不會產(chǎn)生情感，因而也就不會對它發(fā)生興趣。同樣，如果一個人缺乏某種職業(yè)知識，或者根本不了解這種職業(yè)，那么他就不可能對這種職業(yè)感興趣，在職業(yè)規(guī)劃時想不到。相反，認識越深刻，情感越豐富，興趣也就越深厚。
Lack of interest is closely related to personal knowledge and emotion. If a person does not know something, he will not have emotions, and therefore will not be interested in it. Similarly, if a person lacks some kind of professional knowledge, or does not understand the profession at all, then he can not be interested in the profession, in career planning did not expect. On the contrary, the more profound the cognition, the richer the emotion, the deeper the interest.
3、家庭環(huán)境
3. Family environment
家庭作為更基本的社會單元，對每個人的心理發(fā)展都產(chǎn)生重要的影響，因此個人職業(yè)心理發(fā)展具有很強的社會化特征，家庭環(huán)境的熏陶對其職業(yè)興趣的形成具有十分明顯的導向作用。大多數(shù)人從幼年起就在家庭的環(huán)境中感受其父母的職業(yè)活動，隨著年齡的增長，逐步形成自己對職業(yè)價值的認識，使得個在選擇職業(yè)時，不可避免地帶有家庭教育的印跡。家庭因素對職業(yè)取向的影響，主要體現(xiàn)在擇業(yè)趨同性與協(xié)商性等方面。
As the most basic social unit, the family has an important impact on the psychological development of everyone, so the development of personal professional psychology has a strong social characteristics, the influence of family environment on the formation of their professional interests has a very obvious guiding role. Most people feel their parents'professional activities in the family environment from childhood. With the growth of their age, they gradually form their own understanding of the value of their profession, which inevitably brings the imprint of family education when choosing a career. The influence of family factors on career orientation is mainly reflected in the convergence of jobs and negotiation.
一般情況下，個人對于家庭成員特別是長輩的職業(yè)比較熟悉，在職業(yè)規(guī)劃和職業(yè)選擇上產(chǎn)生一定的趨同性影響，同時受家庭群體職業(yè)活動的影響，個人的生涯決策或多或少產(chǎn)生于家庭成員共同協(xié)商的基礎(chǔ)上。興趣有時也受遺傳的影響，父母的興趣也會對孩子有直接的影響。
Generally speaking, individuals are familiar with the career of family members, especially the elders, which has a certain convergence effect on career planning and career choices. At the same time, individual career decision-making is more or less based on family members'common consultation. Interest is sometimes influenced by heredity, and parents' interests will have a direct impact on children.
4、受教育程度
4. Education level
個人自身接受教育的程度是影響其職業(yè)興趣的重要因素。任何一種社會職業(yè)從客觀上對從業(yè)人員都有知識與技能等方面的要求，而個人本人的知識與技能水平的高低在很大程度上取決于其受教育的程度。一般意義上，個人學歷層次越高，接受職業(yè)培訓范圍越廣，其職業(yè)取向領(lǐng)域就越寬。
The degree of personal education is an important factor affecting their vocational interest. Any social occupation objectively demands knowledge and skills of employees, and the level of individual knowledge and skills depends to a great extent on the degree of education. Generally speaking, the higher the educational level, the wider the scope of Vocational training, the wider the field of career orientation.
5、社會因素
5, social factors
一方面，社會輿論對個人職業(yè)興趣的影響主要體現(xiàn)在政府政策導向、傳統(tǒng)文化、社會時尚等方面。政府就業(yè)政策的宣傳是主導的影響因素，傳統(tǒng)的就業(yè)觀念和就業(yè)模式也往往制約個人的職業(yè)選擇，而社會時尚職業(yè)則始終是個人特別是青年人追求的目標。如當前計算機技術(shù)和旅游事業(yè)都得到較大發(fā)展，對這兩個職業(yè)有興趣的人也增加得很快。
On the one hand, the influence of public opinion on personal professional interests is mainly reflected in government policy orientation, traditional culture, social fashion and so on. The propaganda of the government's employment policy is the dominant factor, and the traditional employment concept and employment mode often restrict the individual's career choice, while the social fashion career is always the goal pursued by individuals, especially young people. For example, computer technology and tourism have been greatly developed, and the number of people interested in these two professions has increased rapidly.
另一方面，興趣和愛好是受社會性制約的，不同的環(huán)境、不同的職業(yè)、不同的文化層次的人，興趣和愛好都不一樣。
On the other hand, interests and hobbies are restricted by society. People of different environments, occupations and cultural levels have different interests and hobbies.
6、職業(yè)需求
6, career needs
職業(yè)需求是一定時期內(nèi)用人單位可提供的不同職業(yè)崗位對從業(yè)人員的總需求量，它是影響個人職業(yè)興趣的客觀因素。職業(yè)需求越多、類別越廣，個人選擇職業(yè)的余地就越大。職業(yè)需求對個人的職業(yè)興趣具有一定的導向性，在一定條件下，它可強化個人的職業(yè)選擇，或抑制個人不切實際的職業(yè)取向，也可引導個人產(chǎn)生新的職業(yè)取向。
Career demand is the total demand of employees for different occupational positions provided by employers in a certain period of time. It is an objective factor affecting personal professional interest. The more career demands and the wider categories, the greater the room for individuals to choose careers. Career needs have certain orientation to individual's career interest. Under certain conditions, it can strengthen individual's career choice, restrain individual's unrealistic career orientation, and guide individual to produce new career orientation.
更后，年齡的變化和時代的變化也會對人的興趣產(chǎn)生直接影響。就年齡方面來說，少兒時期往往對圖畫、歌舞感興趣，青年時期對一文學、藝術(shù)感興趣，成年時期往往對某種職業(yè)、某種土作感興趣。它反映了一個人興趣的中心隨著年齡的增長、知識的積累在轉(zhuǎn)移。就時代來講，不同的時代，不同的物質(zhì)和文化條件，也會對人興趣的變化產(chǎn)生很大的影響。
Finally, changes in age and changes in the age will also have a direct impact on people's interests. In terms of age, children are often interested in painting, singing and dancing, youth is interested in literature, art, adulthood is often interested in a certain profession, a certain kind of native works. It reflects that the center of a person's interest shifts with age and knowledge accumulation. In terms of the times, different times, different material and cultural conditions, will also have a great impact on the changes in people's interests.